A Study on the Application of Restorative Justice in the Settlement of Defamation Crimes Based on Customary Law, Especially the Toba and Karo Batak Customs
Downloads
This study examines the application of the restorative justice approach in the Batak customary law system as an alternative mechanism in restoring justice in criminal cases. The focus of the study is to identify the relevance of Batak indigenous values, including the Toba and Karo Batak, to the principles of restorative justice and to identify various challenges and opportunities in the process of their integration into the national legal system. Studies show that the concept of restorative justice has fundamentally taken root for the Batak people, because values such as relationship restoration, deliberation, and peace have long been practiced through the principles of Dalihan Na Tolu and the Pupur Sage tradition. Dispute resolution in indigenous peoples is carried out through a deliberative forum involving indigenous leaders, parties to the dispute, and family elements, with the aim of creating a balanced consensus and reconciling disturbed harmonization. The customary sanctions applied are generally corrective and educational, for example, apologies or accountability, in line with the restorative justice pillar that prioritizes the healing of the victim as well as the moral accountability of the perpetrator. Nevertheless, the implementation of customary norms still encounters juridical obstacles, especially regarding the lack of legitimacy in the national legal framework and the procedural discrepancy of positive law. The opportunity to integrate customary law into a formal system is actually wide open thanks to the latest regulations from the Prosecutor's Office and the Police regarding restorative justice. The conclusion of this research shows that strengthening the authority of indigenous leaders supported by collaboration with law enforcement officials can transform Toba and Karo customary law into an efficient conflict resolution mechanism that is in harmony with the state legal order.
Alief, Hanafi dan Ningrum Ambarsari. "Penerapan Prinsip Restorative Justice Dalam Sistem Peradilan Pidana Di Indonesia." Jurnal Al-Adl 10, no. 2 (2018): 185.
Brahmana Limang. "Porpor Sage: Upacara Perdamaian dalam Suku Karo." Kompasiana. Diakses dari https://www.kompasiana.com/brahmanalimang/550fe9dea33311c939ba7e54/porpor-sage-upacara-perdamaian-dalam-suku-karo.
Bungin, Burhan. Penelitian Kualitatif. Jakarta: Kencana, 2015.
Ginting, E.P. Adat Istiadat Karo. tt.: tt., tt.
Ginting Suka. Ranan Adat: Orot Nggeluh, Rikut Bicara Kalak Karo, Ope Tubuh Seh Idilo Dibata. Medan: Yayasan Merga Silima, 2014.
Grestin, Murni. "Hubungan Restorative Justice dengan Dalihan Na Tolu Dalam Hukum Adat Batak Toba Sebagai Penyelesaian Perkara Tindak Pidana." Skripsi, Fakultas Hukum Universitas Sriwijaya, Indralaya, 2023.
Hadikusuma, Hilman. Pengantar Ilmu Hukum Adat Indonesia. Bandung: Mandar Maju, 2003.
Hendayani. "Penerapan Restoratif Justice dalam Penyelesaian Tindak Pidana pada Suku Karo di Wilayah Hukum Kejaksaan Negeri Deli Serdang." Skripsi, Fakultas Hukum Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara, Medan, 2024.
Kezia. "Penyelesaian Tindak Pidana Secara Adat Melalui Dalihan Natolu (Penelitian Terhadap Masyarakat Batak Toba di Banda Aceh)." Skripsi, Fakultas Hukum Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 2022.
Miles, Matthew B. dan A. Michael Huberman. Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebook. California: Sage Publications, 2014.
Muller-Fahrenholz, Geiko. Rekonsiliasi: Upaya Memecahkan Spiral Kekerasan dalam Masyarakat. Diterjemahkan oleh Georg Kirchberger dan Yosef M. Florisan. Mumere: Ledalero, 2005.
Prinst, Darwin. Sejarah dan Kebudayaan Karo. Jakarta: Yrania, 1984.
Prohaba Tribunnews. "Bunda Indah Dihina di Grup WA, Kapolda Terapkan Restorative Justice." 7 April 2022.
Putri, Nella Sumika. "Penyelesaian Tindak Pidana Lalu Lintas Melalui Pendekatan Restorative Justice Sebagai Dasar Penghentian Penyidikan Dan Perwujudan Asas Keadilan Dalam Penjatuhan Putusan." Padjadjaran Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 2, no. 1 (2015): 13.
Radbruch, Gustav. Legal Philosophy. Diterjemahkan. Bandung: Nusa Media, 2006.
Soemitro, Ronny Hanitijo. Metodologi Penelitian Hukum dan Jurimetri. Jakarta: Ghalia Indonesia, 1990.
Soekanto, Soerjono. Hukum Adat Indonesia. Jakarta: Rajawali Pers, 2014.
Sukardi. Metodologi Penelitian Pendidikan: Kompetensi dan Praktiknya. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara, 2013.
Surbakti, Natangsa. "Lembaga Pupur Sage dalam Masyarakat Batak Karo." Disertasi, 2000.
Van Ness, Daniel W. dan Karen Heetderks Strong. Restoring Justice: An Introduction to Restorative Justice. New York: Routledge, 2015.
Peraturan Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 8 Tahun 2021 tentang Penanganan Tindak Pidana Berdasarkan Prinsip Keadilan Restoratif.
Peraturan Kejaksaan Republik Indonesia Nomor 15 Tahun 2020 tentang Penghentian Penuntutan Berdasarkan Keadilan Restoratif.
Copyright (c) 2026 Kartina Pakpahan, Desi Leolinta Br. Karo, Timothy Gilbert Sagala (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with the Ekasakti Journal of law and Justice agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
